Deposit & mortgage

Mortgage guarantee scheme explained

If you can save a 5% deposit but not much more, a 95% mortgage backed by the government's mortgage guarantee scheme can be the difference between buying now and waiting years. The scheme encourages lenders to offer high loan-to-value deals by sharing some of their risk. This guide explains how it works, who can use it, the trade-offs of a small deposit, and the main alternatives.

Last reviewed 26 June 2026

In short

The mortgage guarantee scheme is a government-backed initiative that encourages lenders to offer 95% mortgages, meaning you only need a 5% deposit. Under the scheme, the government provides lenders with a guarantee on part of the loan, reducing their risk and making high loan-to-value lending more widely available. It is open to most buyers, not just first-time buyers, on homes up to a value cap (commonly £600,000), for a repayment mortgage on a main residence. The trade-off is that 95% mortgages usually carry higher interest rates than larger-deposit deals and leave you with less equity, so it suits buyers who want to get on the ladder sooner rather than wait to save a bigger deposit.

How the scheme works

The mortgage guarantee scheme does not lend you money or top up your deposit. Instead, it works behind the scenes between the government and lenders. The government offers banks and building societies a guarantee covering a portion of any losses on the higher-risk slice of a 95% mortgage.

Because that guarantee reduces the lender's exposure if a borrower defaults and the property is repossessed at a loss, lenders are more willing to offer mortgages to people with only a 5% deposit. From your point of view as a borrower, it is an ordinary mortgage; the guarantee sits between the lender and the government.

The scheme has been re-launched and extended at various points, so the exact end date and terms can change. Always check the current rules and the deals actually available, because the scheme is one route to a 95% mortgage rather than the only one.

Mortgage guarantee scheme at a glance

The typical eligibility criteria, which can change between versions of the scheme.

CriterionTypical requirement
DepositAt least 5% of the purchase price
Property valueUp to £600,000
Buyer typeFirst-time buyers and home movers
Property useYour own main residence, not buy-to-let
Mortgage typeCapital repayment, not interest-only
Second homesNot eligible

Confirm the current cap and criteria, as the scheme's terms are periodically revised.

How deposit size affects your mortgage

A larger deposit usually unlocks lower rates. These figures are illustrative.

DepositLoan-to-valueTypical rate impact
5%95% LTVHighest rates of the mainstream tiers
10%90% LTVNoticeably better than 95%
15%85% LTVBetter again, wider choice of deals
25%+75% LTV or lowerAmong the lowest rates available

Every step down in loan-to-value tends to improve the rates and choice on offer.

Pros and cons of a 95% mortgage

Weigh the benefits against the trade-offs:

  • Pro: you can buy with just a 5% deposit instead of waiting years to save more.
  • Pro: it is open to movers as well as first-time buyers.
  • Pro: you start building equity and stop paying rent sooner.
  • Con: interest rates are usually higher than larger-deposit deals.
  • Con: monthly payments and total interest are higher.
  • Con: less equity means more exposure to falling prices and negative equity.

It is not the only way to get a 95% mortgage

Many lenders offer 95% mortgages outside the scheme, and there are other low-deposit routes such as guarantor and family-assist mortgages. A broker can compare scheme and non-scheme 95% deals to find the cheapest overall option for you.

Mind the negative equity risk

With only 5% equity, even a small fall in house prices can leave you owing more than the home is worth. That can make it hard to remortgage or move. Consider how long you plan to stay and whether you could cope if prices dipped before deciding on a 95% deal.

Common questions

What is the mortgage guarantee scheme?

It is a government-backed scheme that encourages lenders to offer 95% mortgages by guaranteeing part of the loan. This reduces the lender's risk, making it easier for buyers with a 5% deposit to get a mortgage on their main home.

Who is eligible for the mortgage guarantee scheme?

It is typically open to both first-time buyers and home movers buying a main residence up to a value cap, commonly £600,000, with a repayment mortgage and at least a 5% deposit. It does not cover buy-to-let or second homes.

Do I only need a 5% deposit?

Yes, the scheme is designed to support 95% mortgages, so a 5% deposit is the minimum. You will still need funds for buying costs such as stamp duty (where it applies), legal fees and a survey on top of the deposit.

Is the mortgage guarantee scheme only for first-time buyers?

No. Unlike some schemes, it is generally open to home movers as well as first-time buyers, provided you are buying a property to live in as your main home and meet the other criteria.

Are 95% mortgages more expensive?

Usually yes. A higher loan-to-value carries more risk for the lender, so interest rates on 95% mortgages tend to be higher than larger-deposit deals, which means higher monthly payments and more interest over time.

Can I use the scheme on a new-build?

Eligibility for new-builds can vary between versions of the scheme and between lenders. Some restrict it, so check the current rules and ask your lender or broker whether a specific new-build qualifies before you rely on it.

What is the difference between the scheme and a normal 95% mortgage?

For you as a borrower they look very similar. The difference is that the scheme provides the lender with a government guarantee on part of the loan. Many lenders also offer 95% mortgages outside the scheme, so it is worth comparing both.

What are the alternatives to a 95% mortgage?

Alternatives include saving for a 10% deposit to access better rates, a guarantor or family-assist mortgage where a relative helps secure the loan, shared ownership, or using a Lifetime ISA to boost your deposit with a government bonus.

Sources

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